BBS Q & A 8 (1-20)

金 陵

 Questions and Answers

本站為對英文有興趣之同學解惑，在「政大貓空BBS站」及「台大椰林風情BBS站」的英文板上，回答問題，並摘要選擇已回答的問題與答案，陸續登錄在本站BBS Q & A (1)，(2)，(3)，(4)，(5)，(6)，(7)，(8)中，供網友參閱。

(1)

下面這兩句對嗎？

1. "I had encountered several good teachers when I was in school?"
2. "I have encountered several good teachers when I was in school."

A.   不對。I had encountered several good teachers (had + pp) 是過去完成式。
過去完成式是表示事情發生在過去裏的過去(past in the past)
例如：She had married James before she met Alex. 或
She met Alex after she had married James.  married與 met都發生在過去，但married 發生在先，met 發生在後，所以met是過去，而married過去裏的過去。或
His father had left for the U.S. when he was born.

1. "I had encountered several good teachers when I was in school?"
was是過去，encountered 與when I was in school同時發生，所以不能用過去完成式had encountered.

2. "I have encountered several good teachers when I was in school."
encountered 與when I was in school同時發生，而was是過去，自不能用現在完成式。
正確的句子是：I encountered several good teachers when I was in school.

 

(2)

The chairman introduced the speaker___then he left the hall.
a) ,  b) so  c) before  d) ;
Ans: d) 解釋是因為then是副詞，那是不是每一個副詞前面都要加(;) 呢?

A.  then 在本句中是連接副詞 (conjunctive adverb)，用以連接兩個主要子句。其他的連接副詞如：besides, consequently, furthermore, hence, however, likewise, moreover, nevertheless, otherwise, still, therefore, thus. 在它們之前用分號 (;)，在它們之後用逗號，但在then 之後，常不用逗號。
例如： She does not like the new dictionary; besides, it is too expensive.
          He did not send me an invitation; therefore, I didn’t go to his wedding.
          He got married the year before last; then he moved to a quiet country place.
所以正確答案是d) :The chairman introduced the speaker; then he left the hall.

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(3)

闖紅燈怎麽說？

A. 闖紅燈是jaywalk—v. (不遵守交通規則或信號燈)擅自穿越馬路。

jaywalker 或 jay-walker----擅自穿越馬路的人。
The trouble with driving in Taiwan is there are drunk drivers and jaywalkers.

jaywalking或 jay-walking—動名詞

 

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(4)

tell 與 say有何不同？

A. 簡單來說， tell=say to 例如：
He told me that he would go abroad.  He said to me that he would go abroad.

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(5)

有哪些在先行詞前的形容詞之後的關係代名詞一定要用that？

A.  the only, the first, the last, the very, the adj. + est + N. , the most + adj + N.
後面關代用that而不用who或whom. 例如：
She was the only girl that really cared about me in my college years.
He was the last man in the world that I want to see. (他是我最不想見的人)
She was the most diligent student that studied in our school.
He was the gentlest student that we all admired.

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(6)

newspaper cutting &  newspaper clipping有何不同？

A. 都是剪報，newspaper cutting是英國用法(British usage)； newspaper clipping是美國用法。

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(7)

overseas students 是僑生嗎？

A. 在英國稱外國學生為overseas students, 在美國稱外國學生為 foreign students,僑生為是指華僑學生，英文是overseas Chinese students (海外的華人學生)。

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(8)

 三胞胎怎麼說？

 

A. 三胞胎之一是 triplet ， 三胞胎  triplets(用複數) tri 是三的意思，如： tricycle  三輪車，

triple dots三點，就是英文刪節號 . . .(中文刪節號用六點)。

 

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(9)

1990s & 1990’s有何不同？

 

A. 1990’s 是1990s 的正式寫法， 但報紙上多寫成1990s, 即1990年代 (由1990年—1999年這段時間)，因為從1990, 1991, 1992, 到1999，很多個，故加 “s”

 

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(10)

訂位 &訂房的說法

 

A. reserve a seat----訂位， to reserve two seats, etc. 例如：

I reserved four seats at the restaurant.   These seats are reserved. 這些座位巳預訂。

      Some seats on buses and MRT are reserved for senior citizens and handicapped people.
在公車及捷運上有些座位保留給老年人及殘障者。

reserve a room----訂房，to reserve two room, etc. 例如：

I reserved a room at the hotel.

Do you have a reservation? 你有預訂座位 / 房間嗎?

I have made reservations for a room / seat. 我預訂了一間房 / 一個座位。

 

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(11)

請問first name, given name, etc.

 

A.   名字：first name, given name, Christian name. 因為英美人士的名字在全名的第一位置，所以稱first name.
名與姓之間的名字：middle name 通常用父名的第一字母，如：Henry L. Johnson
姓氏：family name, surname, last name. 因為英美人士的姓氏在全名的最後位置，所以稱last name.
如果全名Henry L. Johnson均用第一字母，H 稱 first initial, L稱middle initial, J稱 final initial.

 

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(12)

表示否定的字首有那些？

A. 有 un, il, im, ir, in
un用得最多，如 uncomfortable, ungrammatical, unlimited, unpopular
il通常是放在以 l 開頭的字，如 illegal, illogical
im通常是放在以 b, m, p開頭的字，如 imbalance, immoral, impossible
ir通常是放在以 r 開頭的字，如 irregular, irresponsible
in, 有兩個意義，一是否定，如invalid, insincere
一是在內，如 inside, inpatient (住院病人)←→outpatient (看門診病人)
(詳見金陵著實用英文文法與修辭pp. 19-38. 第九版第五刷)

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(13)

 

請問Pigs might fly.

 

A. Pigs might fly. (俗語，詼諧)不可能的事，異想天開。

What you have just said is not possible.例如：

A： He might pay the money back. 他可能會還錢。

B： Yeah, and pigs might fly! 會還？除非太陽從西邊出來。

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(14)

遛狗怎麼說？

 

A. to walk the dog=to take a dog for a walk

to take (an animal) for a walk; exercise 遛(動物)；帶着(動物)散步，運動

1. He is walking the dog.  他在遛狗。

見walk , p. 1588→Longman English-Chinese Dictionary of Contemporary English, 1990年版

2. Grandma’s out waking the dog.  奶奶出去遛狗去了。

見walk , p. 1605, walk, Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, third edition, 1995

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(15)

email是可數名詞嗎？

 

A. mail 是不可數名詞，但email 是新創的字，網路上到處可見emails, 所以約定俗成，當可數名詞用，亦可當動詞用。

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(16)

I request that she go alone. go不是要變成goes嗎? 為什麼書上用go咧?

A.英文有些動詞和形容詞後的名詞子句中動詞用原形或should +v
I requested that she should write her term paper as soon as possible. (英國用法)
I requested that she write her term paper as soon as possible. (美國用法)
詳見本站『語法與用法』→原形動詞的特殊用法

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(17)

在家靠父母，出外靠朋友，怎麼說？

 

A.英語中似無此說法，可直譯為：

One depends on one’s parents while at home;

One depends on one’s friends while away from home.

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(18)

考古題怎麼說？

 

A.考古題就是考過的考題，如同服務後退休人員，所以英文考古題是retired tests.

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(19)

with a silver spoon in his mouth是什麼意思？

 

A.完整的片語是：
born (brought up) with a silver (或 a gold) spoon in one’s mouth：出生(成長)於富貴之家。

例如：Though he was born with a silver spoon in his mouth, he is rather poor now.

spoon 可當動詞用，如spoon the ice-cream up 用調羹舀起冰淇淋； spoon with 與(異性)卿卿我我

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(20)

whoever 與whomever有什麼不同？

 

A.    The senator depended upon whoever was willing to assist him.
whoever=the person who
上句等於The senator depended upon the person who was willing to assist him.
句中the person作前半句中upon的受詞 (upon the person)；who作後半句was willing to      assist him的主詞 (who was willing to assist him)。
The senator depended upon whomever he trusted.
whomever= the person whom
上句等於The senator depended upon the person whom he trusted.
句中the person作前半句中upon的受詞 (upon the person)；whom作後半句 he trusted      的受詞(whom he trusted)。
。

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To be continued

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